Truth Table Examples
In this topic we illustrate the process of building truth tables.
In terms of a truth table, statements p and q are called variables
By definition, a proposition whose value is true for all cases of all variables is called a tautology; a proposition whose value is false for all cases of all variables is called a contradiction; and a proposition whose value depends on a value of a variable is called a contingency.
Note that all four operations, And, Or, Not, and Implication are all contingencies.
It is interesting to also note that we can take a combination of contingency statements and build a contradiction or a tautology.
Recall that the contrapositive of
is the statement
and the converse of
is the statement
In this topic we will construct the truth tables for three tautologies, three contradictions, and three contingencies.
Example (Truth Table for a Tautology) Construct a truth table for the following statements.
(a) Tautology:
![truth table examples _gr_6.gif]](pages/truth-table-examples/Images/truth-table-examples_gr_6.gif)
(b) Tautology:
![truth table examples _gr_7.gif]](pages/truth-table-examples/Images/truth-table-examples_gr_7.gif)
(c) Tautology:
![truth table examples _gr_8.gif]](pages/truth-table-examples/Images/truth-table-examples_gr_8.gif)
Example (Truth Table for a Contradiction) Construct a truth table for the following statements.
(a) Contradiction:
![truth table examples _gr_10.gif]](pages/truth-table-examples/Images/truth-table-examples_gr_10.gif)
(b) Contradiction:
![truth table examples _gr_11.gif]](pages/truth-table-examples/Images/truth-table-examples_gr_11.gif)
(c) Contradiction:
![truth table examples _gr_12.gif]](pages/truth-table-examples/Images/truth-table-examples_gr_12.gif)
Example (Truth Table for a Contingency) Construct a truth table for the following statements.
(a) Contingency:
![truth table examples _gr_14.gif]](pages/truth-table-examples/Images/truth-table-examples_gr_14.gif)
(b) Contingency:
![truth table examples _gr_15.gif]](pages/truth-table-examples/Images/truth-table-examples_gr_15.gif)
(c) Contingency:
![truth table examples _gr_16.gif]](pages/truth-table-examples/Images/truth-table-examples_gr_16.gif)
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Cite this as: Truth Table Examples Published by Library of Math -- Online math organized by subject into topics.
Written by Smith, David A.
http://www.libraryofmath.com/truth-table-examples.html
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